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Pfizer COVID vaccine protects against worrying coronavirus variants
Pfizer–BioNTech ¹é½ÅÀ» 2 ȸ Á¢Á¾ ÇÑ Ä«Å¸¸£ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¹é½ÅÀ» Á¢Á¾ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç¶÷µéº¸´Ù B.1.351·Î ÀÎÇÑ COVID-19 ¹ßº´ È®·üÀÌ 75% ³·°Ô º¸°íµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ´Â Äڷγª ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º º¯ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¿©·¯ ½É°¢ÇÑ »óÅ·ΠºÎÅÍ ¹é½ÅÁ¢Á¾ÀÌ »ý¸íÀ» ÁöÅ°°í ¿¹¹æº¸È£ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖÀ½¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °á°ú·Î¼ ÀÇÀÇ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
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³×ÀÌó(Nature) 5¿ù 6ÀÏÀÚ ´º½º¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé īŸ¸£(Qatar) Áö¿ª Áý´Ü ¸é¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º B.1.351 ¾ïÁ¦ È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °·ÂÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ºÐ¼®°á°ú¸¦ º¸°íÇß´Ù. À̹ø ¿¬±¸´Â B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º°¡ óÀ½ ¹ß°ßµÈ ³²¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«Áö¿ªÀÇ ÀÓ»ó½ÃÇèÀ» ÅëÇØ º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹é½ÅÁ¢Á¾ È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐ¼®°á°úÀÌ´Ù.
ÃֽŠ´ºÀ×±Û·£µå Àú³Î ¿Àºê ¸Þµð½¼(The New England Journal of Medicine) 5¿ùÈ£¿¡¼ īŸ¸£Áö¿ª ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾°ú º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º °¨¿° È®»ê ÃßÀ̸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÑ ÄÚȣƮ ¿¬±¸°á°ú¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù. īŸ¸£´Â 2020³â 12¿ù 21ÀϺÎÅÍ ¹é½Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áý´Ü¸é¿ª Ä·ÆäÀÎÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿© 2021³â 3¿ù 31ÀϱîÁö ÃÑ 385,853¸íÀÌ ÃÖ¼Ò 1ȸ ¹é½ÅÀ» ¸Â¾Ò°í, 265,410¸íÀÌ 2ȸ Á¢Á¾À» ¿Ï·áÇÑ »óÅÂÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹é½ÅÁ¢Á¾½Ã±â´Â Äڷγª19 ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º È®»ê¿¡ ´ëÇÑ 1Â÷ ´ëÀ¯Çà°ú 2Â÷ ¹× 3Â÷ ´ëÀ¯ÇàÀÇ ¹°°áÀ» °ÞÀ¸¸é¼ Áý´Ü¹é½ÅÁ¢Á¾±Ô¸ð°¡ È®´ëµÇ¾ú°í, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹é½ÅÁ¢Á¾Àº »õ·Î¿î º¯À̹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÇ ÃâÇö°ú ´õºÒ¾î B.1.1.7 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÇ °¨¿° È®´ë(2021³â 1¿ù Áß¼ø½ÃÀÛ)·Î Ã˹ߵǾúÀ¸¸ç, B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º (2021³â 2¿ù Áß¼ø½ÃÀÛ)¿Í B.1.1.7 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º È®»ê ´ëÀ¯ÇàÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ 3¿ù ù° ÁÖ¿¡ Á¤Á¡À» Âï¾ú°í B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÇ ±Þ¼ÓÇÑ È®ÀåÀº 3¿ù Áß¼ø¿¡ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿî ÇöÀç±îÁö °è¼ÓµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â °¡¿îµ¥ ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾ÀÇ È¿°ú¸¦ ºñ±³ ºÐ¼®ÇÑ ÀÚ·áÀÌ´Ù.
īŸ¸£ ÀÓ»ó½ÃÇè µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ºÐ¼®¿¡ µû¸£¸é Pfizer–BioNTech ¹é½ÅÀ» 2 ȸ Á¢Á¾ÇÑ Ä«Å¸¸£ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¹é½ÅÀ» Á¢Á¾ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç¶÷µéº¸´Ù B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º·Î ÀÎÇÑ COVID-19 ¹ßº´ È®·üÀÌ 75% ³·¾ÒÀ¸¸ç ±× º¯ÀÌ·Î ÀÎÇÑ Äڷγª ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º °¨¿°ÀÇ ½É°¢ÇÑ Áúº´»óÅ·κÎÅÍ °ÅÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ º¸È£¸¦ ¹Þ¾ÒÀ½À» º¸°íÇß´Ù.
B.1.1.7 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º °¨¿°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹é½ÅÀÇ È¿°ú´Â 2Â÷ Åõ¿© ÈÄ 14 ÀÏ À̻󿡼 89.5% (95 % ½Å·Ú ±¸°£ [CI], 85.9 ~ 92.3)·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º °¨¿°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ È¿°ú´Â 75.0% (95 % CI, 70.5 ~ 78.9)·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. SARS-CoV-2 (īŸ¸£ ³»¿¡¼ B.1.1.7 ¹× B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ°¡ ¿ì¼¼ÇÔ) °¨¿°À¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÁßÁõ, ÁßÁõ ¶Ç´Â Ä¡¸íÀû Áúº´¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹é½Å È¿°ú´Â 97.4% (95 % CI, 92.2 ~ 99.5) °á°ú¸¦ È®ÀÎÇß´Ù(Table 1, Table S1, Table S2 ÂüÁ¶)
Source: N. Engl. J. Med. ttps://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2104974 (2021).
Table S1. Demographic characteristics of A) cases (B.1.1.7 PCR-positive) and controls (PCR-negative) in the ≥14 days after second dose analysis of Table 1 in the main text, B) cases (B.1.351 PCR-positive) and controls (PCR-negative) in the ≥14 days after second dose analysis of Table 1 in the main text, and C) cases (any PCR-positive case with severe, critical, or fatal disease) and controls (PCR-negative) in the ≥14 days after second dose analysis of Table 1 in the main text.
Source: N. Engl. J. Med. ttps://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2104974 (2021).
Table S2. Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine effectiveness against infection and against disease in Qatar.
Source: N. Engl. J. Med. ttps://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2104974 (2021).
ÃֽŠ5¿ùÈ£ ´ºÀ×±Û·£µå Àú³Î ¿Àºê ¸Þµð½Å(New England Journal of Medicine)¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥µÈ À̹ø º¸°í´Â ÇöÀçÀÇ RNA ¹é½ÅÀÌ °¡Àå ¿ì·ÁÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¸é¿ª ȸÇÇ º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÁ¾¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¸Å¿ì °·ÂÇÑ Áõ°Å°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ½Ã»çÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´º¿å½Ã¿¡ÀÖ´Â Pfizer¿Í µ¶ÀÏ ¸¶ÀÎÃ÷ÀÇ BioNTech´Â ¸Å»çÃß¼¼Ã÷ ÁÖ Ä·ºê¸®Áö¿¡ÀÖ´Â Moderna¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î B.1.351À» Ç¥ÀûÀ¸·ÎÇÏ´Â ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® µÈ RNA ¹é½ÅÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ModernaÀÇ ¹é½Å °³¹ß³ë·ÂÀÇ Ãʱ⠺¸°í¿¡ µû¸£¸é ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® µÈ ¹é½ÅÀÇ Ãß°¡ Á¢Á¾Àº B.1.351¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °·ÂÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» À¯¹ßÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» º¸°íÇß´Ù.
À̹ø ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾È¿°ú´Â ¹é½ÅÁ¢Á¾À» ¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌÀÇ °¨¿°¹ß»ý·ü°ú Ç×ü À½¼ºÀÎ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ±¹°¡ ÄÚȣƮ ¹ß»ý·üÀ» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿© ¿¬±¸ÇÑ ÄÚȣƮ ¿¬±¸ ¼³°è¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Æò°¡µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾ È¿°ú´Â B.1.1.7 º¯ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© 87.0% (95 % CI, 81.8 ~ 90.7), B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© 72.1% (95 % CI, 66.4 ~ 76.8)·Î ÃßÁ¤µÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ´Â ¾Õ¼ º¸°íµÈ °á°ú¸¦ Àç°ËÁõÇÏ¿´´Ù.
°á·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î ÈÀÌÀÚ ¹ÙÀÌ¿À¿£ÅØ(BNT162b2) ¹é½ÅÀº B.1.1.7 ¹× B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º°¡ ³²¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä« Áö¿ª¿¡¼ ¿ì¼¼ÇÔ¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í īŸ¸£ Àα¸ÀÇ °¨¿° ¹× Áúº´¿¹¹æ¿¡ È¿°úÀûÀ̾úÀ½À» º¸°íÇß´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ B.1.351 º¯Á¾¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹é½Å È¿°ú´Â À̽º¶ó¿¤°ú ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ÀÓ»ó ½ÃÇè ¹× ½ÇÁ¦ Á¶°Ç(real-world conditions)¿¡¼ º¸°íµÈ È¿°ú (> 90 %)º¸´Ù ¾à 20 % Æ÷ÀÎÆ® ³·¾Ò´Ù.
īŸ¸£¿¡¼´Â 3 ¿ù 31 ÀÏ ÇöÀç ¹é½Å 1 ȸ Á¢Á¾À»¹ÞÀº 6,689 ¸í°ú 2 ȸ Á¢Á¾À»¹ÞÀº 1,616 ¸í¿¡¼ ¿¹»óÄ¡ ¸øÇÑ °¨¿°ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. Covid-19·Î ÀÎÇÑ 7 ¸íÀÇ »ç¸ÁÀÚ°¡ ¹é½Å Á¢Á¾ÀÚ¿¡¼µµ ±â·ÏµÇ¾ú´Ù(ù ¹ø° Á¢Á¾ ÈÄ 5 ¸í, µÎ ¹ø° Á¢Á¾ ÈÄ 2 ¸í). ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í B.1.351 º¯ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º °¨¿°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¨¼Ò È¿°ú´Â 90% ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ½É°¢ÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ °¨¿°(ÀÔ¿ø ¶Ç´Â »ç¸ÁÃÊ·¡)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹¹æ È¿°ú´Â ¸Å¿ì ³ô°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.
References
N. Engl. J. Med. 2021 May 5 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2104974
N Engl J Med 2021 May 5. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2103055.
Nature 2021 May 6. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00268-9
N Engl J Med 2021;384:1412-1423. BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in a nationwide mass vaccination setting.