glioma infarct gout hemorrhagic toxin ankle anterior antitrypsin tendon tendo tear arginase arm swallowing avascular stroke axon stimulation spinal botulinum brain breast bypass shoulder shortening shock capsule carpal cartilage screw sarcomere cerebral cerebrovascular rupture rotator resuscitation rehabilitation cognition reeducation radiography concussion cortex corticospinal cruciate crux cuff palsy pain osteogenic osteogenesis osteoarthritis ostarthritis os orthopedics origin disc neurosurgery dysphagia nervimotor nerve moyamoya motor alpha meningioma melatonin lymphedema ligament layer knee keloid foot joint fracture frozen